Carnaval de Oruro in Oruro
Carnaval de Oruro is a UNESCO-recognized religious and folkloric festival built around devotion to the Virgen del Socavon, patron saint of Oruro's miners, and the legend of a bandit whose death in a mineshaft gave rise to her cult. Its centerpiece is La Diablada, the Dance of the Devils, performed by masked, elaborately costumed dancers from dozens of fraternities who process several kilometers to the sanctuary over nearly twenty hours.
Carnaval de Oruro grew out of a colonial-era mining town roughly 3,700 meters up on Bolivia's Andean plateau, where indigenous Uru ritual and Aymara tradition fused with Spanish Catholic festival culture over more than two centuries.