Bienal de La Habana in Havana
Founded in 1984 as the first major biennial dedicated to art from Latin America, expanded from 1986 to include Africa, Asia and the Middle East, the Bienal de La Habana predates most Global South-focused contemporary art biennials by years. Organised through the Wifredo Lam Centre for Contemporary Art, it spreads exhibitions across Havana's galleries, historic fortresses and public buildings roughly every two years.
When the Bienal de La Habana opened in 1984, it was the first major biennial anywhere built specifically around artists from Latin America, a deliberate challenge to the Eurocentric dominance of Venice, Kassel's documenta and Sao Paulo at the height of the Cold War.