Cranger Kirmes in Herne
The Cranger Kirmes in Herne traces to a wild-horse market established around Saint Lawrence's Day in 1449, making it one of Germany's oldest folk fairs. Now the country's second-largest funfair after Munich's Oktoberfest, it packs around 500 rides and stalls into a compact 110,000-square-metre ground beside the Rhine-Herne Canal, drawing roughly four million visitors over eleven days each August.
A market for trading wild horses caught in the riparian forests along the Emscher river was established in the district of Crange, near what is now Herne, around Saint Lawrence's Day on 10 August, with roots traceable to 1449 — making the Cranger Kirmes one of the oldest documented Volksfeste, or folk fairs, in Germany.