Ruhrtriennale in Ruhr region
The Ruhrtriennale was founded in 2002 by the North Rhine-Westphalia state government, with Gerard Mortier as its first artistic director, to stage opera, theatre and dance inside decommissioned industrial sites across the Ruhr region rather than purpose-built venues. Recurring locations include Bochum's Jahrhunderthalle, a former power plant, and Essen's UNESCO-listed Zollverein coal and coking complex, with the festival restructured every three years under a new artistic director.
The government of North Rhine-Westphalia founded the Ruhrtriennale in 2002, appointing Gerard Mortier, the former artistic director of the Salzburg Festival, as its first artistic leader, with the festival's first full edition following in 2003 after extensive reconstruction work on its planned venues.