Uwajima Ushi-oni Festival in Uwajima
Uwajima Ushi-oni Festival, held July 22-24 in Ehime Prefecture, commemorates the 1593 Siege of Jinju through parading effigies of the ushi-oni, a demon-cow creature five to six meters long with a serpentine neck and sword-shaped tail. Formalized under its current name in 1996, the festival also features bullfighting, fireworks, and dancing across its multi-day program.
The Uwajima Ushi-oni Festival draws its central imagery from a specific historical episode nearly four and a half centuries old: the 1593 Siege of Jinju in Korea during Japan's invasions of the peninsula, when troops under commander Kato Kiyomasa reportedly deployed a turtle-shell-shaped cart wrapped in cowhide and topped with a fabricated demon-cow head, called ushi-oni, as a psychological and tactical weapon against the besieged castle's defenders.