Mapungubwe Arts Festival in Polokwane
The Mapungubwe Arts Festival is an arts and culture event held in Polokwane, the capital of South Africa's Limpopo province, named for the Mapungubwe Kingdom, a pre-colonial African state and UNESCO World Heritage Site in the province. Its existence is confirmed by mentions in South African musicians' event histories, though detailed festival-specific facts were not independently verified.
The Kingdom of Mapungubwe flourished around the eleventh to thirteenth centuries in what is now northern Limpopo province, near the confluence of the Limpopo and Shashe rivers, and is regarded by historians as one of the most sophisticated pre-colonial states in southern Africa, notable for long-distance trade networks reaching the Indian Ocean coast and for gold-working traditions that produced artifacts including a small gold-leaf rhinoceros, now one of South Africa's most significant archaeological treasures.